Newer
Older
Digital_Repository / Misc / Mass downloads / UTas / 2412.html
  1. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  2. "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
  3. <html>
  4. <head>
  5. <title>UTas ePrints - Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites</title>
  6. <script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script>
  7. <style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style>
  8. <style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style>
  9. <link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
  10. <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
  11. <link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" />
  12. <link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" />
  13. <meta content="Sharp, Z.D." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="Barnes, J.D." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  15. <meta content="Brearley, A.J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  16. <meta content="Chaussidon, M." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  17. <meta content="Fischer, T.P." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  18. <meta content="Kamenetsky, V.S." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  19. <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  20. <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  21. <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  22. <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  23. <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  24. <meta content="Dima.Kamenetsky@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  25. <meta content="article" name="eprints.type" />
  26. <meta content="2007-11-14 04:29:57" name="eprints.datestamp" />
  27. <meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" />
  28. <meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" />
  29. <meta content="Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites" name="eprints.title" />
  30. <meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
  31. <meta content="260300" name="eprints.subjects" />
  32. <meta content="260100" name="eprints.subjects" />
  33. <meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" />
  34. <meta content="Chlorine in the Earth is highly depleted relative to carbonaceous chondrites and solar abundances(1). Knowledge of the Cl concentrations and distribution on Earth is essential for understanding the origin of these depletions. Large differences in the stable chlorine isotope ratios of meteoritic, mantle and crustal materials have been used as evidence for distinct reservoirs in the solar nebula(2) and to calculate the relative proportions of Cl in the mantle and crust(3). Here we report that large isotopic differences do not exist, and that carbonaceous chondrites, mantle and crust all have the same Cl-37/Cl-35 ratios. We have further analysed crustal sediments from the early Archaean era to the Recent epoch and find no systematic isotopic variations with age, demonstrating that the mantle and crust have always had the same delta Cl-37 value. The similarity of mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites establishes that there were no nebular reservoirs with distinct isotopic compositions, no isotopic fractionation during differentiation of the Earth and no late (post-core formation) Cl-bearing volatile additions to the crustal veneer with a unique isotopic composition." name="eprints.abstract" />
  35. <meta content="2007-04-26" name="eprints.date" />
  36. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  37. <meta content="Nature" name="eprints.publication" />
  38. <meta content="446" name="eprints.volume" />
  39. <meta content="7139" name="eprints.number" />
  40. <meta content="1062-1065" name="eprints.pagerange" />
  41. <meta content="10.1038/nature05748" name="eprints.id_number" />
  42. <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
  43. <meta content="0028-0836" name="eprints.issn" />
  44. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05748" name="eprints.official_url" />
  45. <meta content="Wa¨nke, H. &amp; Dreibus, G. Chemical compilation and accretion history of terrestrial
  46. planets. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 325, 545–557 (1988).
  47. 2. Bridges, J. C., Banks, D. A., Smith, M. &amp; Grady, M. M. Halite and stable chlorine
  48. isotopes in the Zag H3-6 breccia. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 39, 657–666 (2004).
  49. 3. Magenheim, A. J., Spivack, A. J., Michael, P. J. &amp; Gieskes, J. M. Chlorine stableisotope
  50. composition of the oceanic-crust: Implications for Earth’s distribution of
  51. chlorine. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 131, 427–432 (1995).
  52. 4. Kargel, J. S. Earth’s volatility trend and the case of the missing halogens. Geol. Soc.
  53. Am. Prog. Abstr. 29, 190 (1997).
  54. 5. Kaufmann, R., Long, A., Bentley, H. &amp; Davis, S. Natural chlorine isotope variations.
  55. Nature 309, 338–340 (1984).
  56. 6. Barnes, J. D. Tectonic and Metamorphic Implications of High Chlorine Contents in
  57. Serpentinites. 1–161, PhD thesis, Univ. New Mexico (2006).
  58. 7. Magenheim, A. J., Spivack, A. J., Volpe, C. &amp; Ransom, B. Precise determination of
  59. stable chlorine isotopic ratios in low-concentration natural samples. Geochim.
  60. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 3117–3121 (1994).
  61. 8. Brearley, A. J. &amp; Jones, R. H. in Planetary Materials (ed. Papike, J. J.), 3, 1–398
  62. (Mineral. Soc. Am., Washington DC, 1998).
  63. 9. Hsu, W., Guan, Y., Leshin, L. A., Ushikubo, T. &amp; Wasserburg, G. J. A late episode of
  64. irradiation in the early Solar System: Evidence from extinct 36Cl and 26Al in
  65. meteorites. Astrophys. J. 640, 525–529 (2006).
  66. 10. Kamenetsky, M. B., Sharygin, V. V., Faure, K. &amp; Golovin, A. V. Chloride and
  67. carbonate immiscible liquids at the closure of the kimberlite magma evolution
  68. (Udachnaya-East kimberlite, Siberia). Chemical Geol. 237, 384–400 (2007).
  69. 11. Gounelle, M. &amp; Zolensky, M. E. A terrestrial origin for sulfate veins in CI1
  70. chondrites. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 36, 1321–1329 (2001).
  71. 12. Eggenkamp, H. G. M., Kreulen, R. &amp; Koster van Groos, A. F. Chloride stable isotope
  72. fractionation in evaporites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 5169–5175 (1995).
  73. 13. Sharp, Z. D. &amp; Barnes, J. D. Water-soluble chlorides in massive seafloor
  74. serpentinites: a source of chloride in subduction zones. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 226,
  75. 243–254 (2004).
  76. 14. Rubey, W. W. Geologic history of sea water: an attempt to state the problem. Bull.
  77. Geol. Soc. Am. 62, 1111–1148 (1951).
  78. 15. McDonough,W. F. in Treatise on Geochemistry (eds Holland, H. D. &amp; Turrekian, K. K.)
  79. 547–568 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2004).
  80. 16. Mittlefehldt, D. W. Geochemistry of the ungrouped carbonaceous chondrite
  81. Tagish Lake, the anomalous CM chondrite Bells, and comparison with CI and CM
  82. chondrites. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37, 703–712 (2002).
  83.  
  84. Layne, G. D., Godon, A., Webster, J. D. &amp; Bach, W. Secondary ion mass
  85. spectrometry for the determination of d37Cl: Part I. Ion microprobe analysis of
  86. glasses and fluids. Chem. Geol. 207, 277–289 (2004).
  87. 18. Eastoe, C. J.&amp;Peryt, T. Stable chlorine isotope evidence for non-marine chloride in
  88. Badenian evaporites, Carpathian mountain region. Terra Nova 11, 118–123 (1999).
  89. 19. Renne, P. R., Sharp, W. D., Montan˜ez, I. P., Becker, T. A. &amp; Zierenberg, R. A.
  90. 40Ar/39Ar dating of Late Permian evaporites, southeastern New Mexico, USA.
  91. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 193, 539–547 (2001).
  92. 20. Amthor, J. A. et al. Extinction of Cloudina and Namacalathus at the Precambrian-
  93. Cambrian boundary in Oman. Geology 31, 431–434 (2003).
  94. 21. Lowe, D. R. &amp; Knauth, L. P. Sedimentology of the Onverwacht Group (3.4 billion
  95. years),Transvaal, South Africa, and its bearing on the characteristics and
  96. evolution of the Early Earth. J. Geol. 85, 695–723 (1977).
  97. 22. Perry, E. C., Hickman, A. H. &amp; Barnes, I. L. Archean sedimentary barite, Pilbara
  98. goldfield, western Australia. Geol. Soc. Am. Prog. Abstr. 7, 1226 (1975).
  99. 23. Okakangas, R. W., Morey, G. B. &amp; Southwick, D. L. Paleoproterozoic basin
  100. development and sedimentation in the Lake Superior region, North America.
  101. Sedim. Geol. 141, 319–341 (2001).
  102. 24. Sharp, Z. D., Durakiewicz, T., Migaszewski, Z. M. &amp; Atudorei, V. N. Antiphase
  103. hydrogen and oxygen isotope periodicity in chert nodules. Geochim. Cosmochim.
  104. Acta 66, 2865–2873 (2002).
  105. 25. Nutman, A. P., McGregor, V. R., Friend, C. R. L., Bennett, V. C. &amp; Kinny, P. D. The
  106. Itsaq Gneiss Complex of southern West Greenland; the world’s most extensive
  107. record of early crustal evolution (3900–3600 Ma). Precambr. Res. 78, 1–39
  108. (1996).
  109. 26. Moore, T. B. &amp; Schopf, J. W. in The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Study
  110. (eds Schopf, J. W. &amp; Klein, C.) 603–693 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge,
  111. 1992).
  112. 27. Burnard, P., Marty, B., Fischer, T. &amp; Hilton, D. Noble gases in carbonatite
  113. magmatism: Oldonyo Lengai. Eos (Fall Meet. Suppl.), 87 (52), abstr. V23C–0645
  114. (2006).
  115. 28. Eggenkamp, H. G. M. &amp; Koster van Groos, A. F. Chlorine stable isotopes in
  116. carbonatites: evidence for isotopic heterogeneity in the mantle. Chem. Geol. 140,
  117. 137–143 (1997).
  118. 29. Eastoe, C. J., Peryt, T. M., Petrychenko, O. Y. &amp; Geisler-Cussey, D. Stable chlorine
  119. isotopes in Phanerozoic evaporites. Appl. Geochem. 22, 575–588 (2007)." name="eprints.referencetext" />
  120. <meta content="Sharp, Z.D. and Barnes, J.D. and Brearley, A.J. and Chaussidon, M. and Fischer, T.P. and Kamenetsky, V.S. (2007) Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites. Nature, 446 (7139). pp. 1062-1065. ISSN 0028-0836" name="eprints.citation" />
  121. <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2412/1/Nature2007_Cl-isotopes.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" />
  122. <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" />
  123. <meta content="Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites" name="DC.title" />
  124. <meta content="Sharp, Z.D." name="DC.creator" />
  125. <meta content="Barnes, J.D." name="DC.creator" />
  126. <meta content="Brearley, A.J." name="DC.creator" />
  127. <meta content="Chaussidon, M." name="DC.creator" />
  128. <meta content="Fischer, T.P." name="DC.creator" />
  129. <meta content="Kamenetsky, V.S." name="DC.creator" />
  130. <meta content="260300 Geochemistry" name="DC.subject" />
  131. <meta content="260100 Geology" name="DC.subject" />
  132. <meta content="Chlorine in the Earth is highly depleted relative to carbonaceous chondrites and solar abundances(1). Knowledge of the Cl concentrations and distribution on Earth is essential for understanding the origin of these depletions. Large differences in the stable chlorine isotope ratios of meteoritic, mantle and crustal materials have been used as evidence for distinct reservoirs in the solar nebula(2) and to calculate the relative proportions of Cl in the mantle and crust(3). Here we report that large isotopic differences do not exist, and that carbonaceous chondrites, mantle and crust all have the same Cl-37/Cl-35 ratios. We have further analysed crustal sediments from the early Archaean era to the Recent epoch and find no systematic isotopic variations with age, demonstrating that the mantle and crust have always had the same delta Cl-37 value. The similarity of mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites establishes that there were no nebular reservoirs with distinct isotopic compositions, no isotopic fractionation during differentiation of the Earth and no late (post-core formation) Cl-bearing volatile additions to the crustal veneer with a unique isotopic composition." name="DC.description" />
  133. <meta content="2007-04-26" name="DC.date" />
  134. <meta content="Article" name="DC.type" />
  135. <meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" />
  136. <meta content="application/pdf" name="DC.format" />
  137. <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2412/1/Nature2007_Cl-isotopes.pdf" name="DC.identifier" />
  138. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05748" name="DC.relation" />
  139. <meta content="Sharp, Z.D. and Barnes, J.D. and Brearley, A.J. and Chaussidon, M. and Fischer, T.P. and Kamenetsky, V.S. (2007) Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites. Nature, 446 (7139). pp. 1062-1065. ISSN 0028-0836" name="DC.identifier" />
  140. <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2412/" name="DC.relation" />
  141. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/BibTeX/epprod-eprint-2412.bib" title="BibTeX" type="text/plain" />
  142. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/ContextObject/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="OpenURL ContextObject" type="text/xml" />
  143. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/ContextObject::Dissertation/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="OpenURL Dissertation" type="text/xml" />
  144. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/ContextObject::Journal/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="OpenURL Journal" type="text/xml" />
  145. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/DC/epprod-eprint-2412.txt" title="Dublin Core" type="text/plain" />
  146. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/DIDL/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="DIDL" type="text/xml" />
  147. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/EndNote/epprod-eprint-2412.enw" title="EndNote" type="text/plain" />
  148. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/HTML/epprod-eprint-2412.html" title="HTML Citation" type="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
  149. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/METS/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="METS" type="text/xml" />
  150. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/MODS/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="MODS" type="text/xml" />
  151. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/RIS/epprod-eprint-2412.ris" title="Reference Manager" type="text/plain" />
  152. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/Refer/epprod-eprint-2412.refer" title="Refer" type="text/plain" />
  153. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/Simple/epprod-eprint-2412text" title="Simple Metadata" type="text/plain" />
  154. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/Text/epprod-eprint-2412.txt" title="ASCII Citation" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />
  155. <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2412/XML/epprod-eprint-2412.xml" title="EP3 XML" type="text/xml" />
  156.  
  157. </head>
  158. <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" onLoad="loadRoutine(); MM_preloadImages('images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif')">
  159. <div class="ep_noprint"><noscript><style type="text/css">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/nojs.css);</style></noscript></div>
  160.  
  161.  
  162.  
  163.  
  164. <table width="795" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  165. <tr>
  166. <td><script language="JavaScript1.2">mmLoadMenus();</script>
  167. <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="795">
  168. <!-- fwtable fwsrc="eprints_banner_final2.png" fwbase="ePrints_banner.gif" fwstyle="Dreamweaver" fwdocid = "1249563342" fwnested="0" -->
  169. <tr>
  170. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  171. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="104" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  172. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="44" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  173. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="105" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  174. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="41" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  175. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="16" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  176. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  177. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  178. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  179. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="82" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  180. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="69" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  181. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="98" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  182. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  183. </tr>
  184. <tr>
  185. <td colspan="12"><img name="ePrints_banner_r1_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r1_c1.gif" width="795" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  186. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  187. </tr>
  188. <tr>
  189. <td rowspan="6"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c1.gif" width="32" height="118" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  190. <td rowspan="5"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c2.gif" width="104" height="103" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
  191. <td colspan="10"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c3.gif" width="659" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  192. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  193. </tr>
  194. <tr>
  195. <td colspan="3"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c3.gif" width="190" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
  196. <td rowspan="2" colspan="7"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c6" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c6.gif" width="469" height="37" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  197. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  198. </tr>
  199. <tr>
  200. <td colspan="3"><img name="ePrints_banner_r4_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r4_c3.gif" width="190" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  201. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  202. </tr>
  203. <tr>
  204. <td colspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c3.gif" width="149" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  205. <td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/information.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821132634_0,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c5');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c5','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c5" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5.gif" width="57" height="25" border="0" alt="About" /></a></td>
  206. <td rowspan="2"><a href="/view/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133021_1,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c7');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c7','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c7" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Browse" /></a></td>
  207. <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/search/simple" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133201_2,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c8');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c8','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c8" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Search" /></a></td>
  208. <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/register" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout();" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_1018171924_3,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c9');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c9','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c9" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="register" /></a></td>
  209. <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/users/home" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133422_4,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c10');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c10','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c10" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10.gif" width="82" height="25" border="0" alt="user area" /></a></td>
  210. <td rowspan="2"><a href="/help/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133514_5,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c11');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c11','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c11" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11.gif" width="69" height="25" border="0" alt="Help" /></a></td>
  211. <td rowspan="3" colspan="4"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c12" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c12.gif" width="98" height="40" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  212. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  213. </tr>
  214. <tr>
  215. <td rowspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c3.gif" width="44" height="39" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></td>
  216. <td><a href="/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r6_c4','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4.gif" width="105" height="24" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></a></td>
  217. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="24" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  218. </tr>
  219. <tr>
  220. <td><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c2.gif" width="104" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  221. <td colspan="8"><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c4.gif" width="517" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  222. <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
  223. </tr>
  224. </table></td>
  225. </tr>
  226. <tr><td><table width="100%" style="font-size: 90%; border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr>
  227. <td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td>
  228. <td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap">
  229. <form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline">
  230. <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" />
  231. <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" />
  232. <input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" />
  233. <input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" />
  234. <input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" />
  235. </form>
  236. </td>
  237. </tr></table></td></tr>
  238. <tr>
  239. <td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" -->
  240.  
  241.  
  242. <div align="center">
  243. <table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left">
  244. <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites</h1>
  245. <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Sharp, Z.D.</span> and <span class="person_name">Barnes, J.D.</span> and <span class="person_name">Brearley, A.J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Chaussidon, M.</span> and <span class="person_name">Fischer, T.P.</span> and <span class="person_name">Kamenetsky, V.S.</span> (2007) <xhtml:em>Chlorine isotope homogeneity of the mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites.</xhtml:em> Nature, 446 (7139). pp. 1062-1065. ISSN 0028-0836</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2412/1/Nature2007_Cl-isotopes.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2412/1/Nature2007_Cl-isotopes.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />377Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="3228" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05748">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05748</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Chlorine in the Earth is highly depleted relative to carbonaceous chondrites and solar abundances(1). Knowledge of the Cl concentrations and distribution on Earth is essential for understanding the origin of these depletions. Large differences in the stable chlorine isotope ratios of meteoritic, mantle and crustal materials have been used as evidence for distinct reservoirs in the solar nebula(2) and to calculate the relative proportions of Cl in the mantle and crust(3). Here we report that large isotopic differences do not exist, and that carbonaceous chondrites, mantle and crust all have the same Cl-37/Cl-35 ratios. We have further analysed crustal sediments from the early Archaean era to the Recent epoch and find no systematic isotopic variations with age, demonstrating that the mantle and crust have always had the same delta Cl-37 value. The similarity of mantle, crust and carbonaceous chondrites establishes that there were no nebular reservoirs with distinct isotopic compositions, no isotopic fractionation during differentiation of the Earth and no late (post-core formation) Cl-bearing volatile additions to the crustal veneer with a unique isotopic composition.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260300.html">260000 Earth Sciences &gt; 260300 Geochemistry</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260100.html">260000 Earth Sciences &gt; 260100 Geology</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2412</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Prof Vadim Kamenetsky</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">14 Nov 2007 15:29</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2412;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2412">item control page</a></p>
  246. </td></tr></table>
  247. </div>
  248.  
  249.  
  250.  
  251. <!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td>
  252. </tr>
  253. <tr>
  254. <td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" -->
  255. <table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer">
  256. <tr valign="top">
  257. <td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td>
  258. </tr>
  259. <tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr>
  260. <tr valign="top">
  261. <td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br />
  262. © University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br />
  263. <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright &amp; Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a>  </td>
  264. <td width="32%"><div align="right">
  265. <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p>
  266. <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br />
  267. </a></p>
  268. </div></td>
  269. </tr>
  270. <tr valign="top">
  271. <td><p>  </p></td>
  272. <td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td>
  273. </tr>
  274. </table>
  275. <!-- #EndLibraryItem -->
  276. <div align="center"></div></td>
  277. </tr>
  278. </table>
  279.  
  280. </body>
  281. </html>